Dementia Behavior Changes Series 1
Behavioral Strategies for Agitation and Aggression in Dementia
with Beth Parker-O’Brien, LCSW-C, MPH & Louise Montgomery, AC-BC CDP
Location 29466 Pintail Drive Suite 9 Easton, MD 21601 Date: February 21, 2020 Time: Noon to 2:00 pm
References
American Music Therapy Association (n.d.). Music therapists’ standards of practice. Retrieved from http://musictherapy.org/.
Banning, Leonie C.P. et al. (2020) The association between biomarkers and neuropsychiatric symptoms across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Budson, A & Solomon, P (2016). Memory Loss, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. A Practical Guide for Clinicians. (Second edition.). Edinburgh, Scotland: Elsevier.
Grohol, J. (2020). Symptoms of Major Neurocognitive Disorder. Psych Central. Retrieved on February 8, 2020, from http://psychcentral.com/disorders/symptoms-of-major-neurocognitive-disorder/
Hilliard, R.E. (2015). The use of music therapy in meeting the multidimensional needs of hospice patients and families. Journal of Palliative Care 17 (3) 161-166.
Kales, H, et al. (2015) Assessment and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. BMJ 2015;350:h369. Retrieved from https://www.bmj.com/content/350/bmj.h369
Kunik, Mark E. et al., (2020) Aggression Prevention Training for Individuals with Dementia and their Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Trial The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Landis-Shack N, Heinz AJ, Bonn-Miller MO (2017). Music Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress in Adults: A Theoretical Review. Psychomusicology. 2017; 27(4): 334–342. PMCID: PMC5744879
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER) (2020) Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/delirium/symptoms-causes/syc-20371386
Sachdev, Perminder S. (2017) Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors in Dementia The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Volume 25, Issue 4, 372 - 373
Videos
Caregiver Frustration
In this video, the individual with dementia experiences anxiety, agitation and frustration. As well, the caregiver is tired, frustrated and having difficulty coping with her husband’s behaviors. I recommend you watch this video three times.
First viewing: Watch it through the first (you can stop at 1:10 if you don’t want to watch the narrative). Watch the entire scene. What is happening. What time of day is it? What is the interaction between the couple? What are the family dynamics?
Second viewing: With a fresh set of eyes , consider: What is the patient experiencing. Put yourself in his shoes for a moment. How is he feeling?
Third viewing: Now look at it from her point of view. How is she feeling.
Finally: How would you help this couple deal with the issues they are facing? If providing counseling to her, what topics might you address regarding: Disease process, premorbid personality, family dynamics and approach?
Sundowners
This commentary is focused on (seconds) 0:53-1:28. Set in a long term care facility this gentleman is experiencing sundowner’s syndrome. Again, I encourage you to watch the video three times.
First: watch the entire scene. What is happening. What time of day is it? What in general is going on?
Second: View again and look at it from his point of view. Even though we don’t know his former occupation, what can you gather from what he is saying. What is important to him in that moment?
Third viewing: How is his caregiver addressing the issue?
Finally, can you think of different approaches. Look at it from a slightly different angle. Can we deescalate the situation by talking to him about the cows?
This video from the Veteran’s Administration provides “situation/good/better” scenarios, all set in a facility. Using the strategies I mentioned above, watch the videos first focusing on what is happening, what is the situation, what is the patient and staff experiencing. Then watch each follow-up, identifying other strategies to deal with the same situation, desescalating and preventing the behavior